Are floppy disks still used today?

How does a floppy disk store data in a disk?

 CD(Compact Disc):-

compact disk

Digital Video Disk(DVD):-

Note:-

Blu-Ray Disc:-

Techie Sanjeet Explains the SSD(Solid State Drive):-

The two components of SSD:

What is the need of  Hard disk in computer?

How the data is read and stored on a hard drive?

There are two types of memory as follows:-

What is Secondary memory?

Secondary memory devices include as follows:-

• Cache Memory:-It is a storage buffer that stores the data which is used most often temporarily and makes them available to CPU at a fast rate. Cache Memory is a very high-speed memory placed in between RAM and CPU. It increases the speed of processing.

          Cache Memory is very expensive ,so it is smaller in size. Generally Computers have cache                      memory of sizes 256toKB to 2MB.

Because of its volatility, RAM can't store permanent data. RAM can be compared to a person's short-term memory, and a hard disk drive to a person's long-term memory. Short-term memory is focused on immediate work, but it can only keep a limited number of facts in view at any one time. When a person's short-term memory fills up, it can be refreshed with facts stored in the brain's long-term memory.

Random access memory

There are two categories of RAM as follows:-

DRAM is a type of RAM that stores each bit of data on a separate capacitor. 

This is an efficient way to store data in memory, because it requires less physical space to store the same amount of data than if it was stored statically. 

A DRAM chip can hold more data than an SRAM (static RAM) chip of the same size can. 

However, the capacitors in DRAM need to constantly be refreshed to keep their charge, so DRAM requires more power than SRAM.

Still, because DRAM can hold more data than SRAM and because it is significantly less expensive to manufacture, 

DRAM is the most common type of memory found in personal computer systems. While there are many types of DRAM available, the most common type is synchronous DRAM SDRAM, which is a faster version of standard DRAM. This is the type of memory most computers use for their main system memory.

     2.Static RAM(SRAM):-It retains the data as long as power is provided to the memory chip.

SRAM needs not be refreshed periodically. It uses multiple transistors for each memory cell.It does not use capacitor. SRAM is often used cache memory due to its high speed .

SRAM is more expensive and faster than DRAM.

Function of RAM:-

lets understand how it works in a computer systems:-

How Does The RAM work?

Random Access Memory(RAM) also known as any memory address, 

can be accessed directly. Originally, the term Random Access Memory was used to distinguish regular core memory from offline memory.

Offline memory typically referred to magnetic tape from which a specific piece of data could only be accessed by locating the address sequentially, starting at the beginning of the tape. RAM is organized and controlled in a way that enables data to be stored and retrieved directly to and from specific locations.

Other types of storage -- such as the Hard Drive and CD-ROM- are also accessed directly or randomly, but the RAM access isn't used to describe these other types of storage.

RAM is similar in concept to a set of boxes in which each box can hold a 0 or a 1. Each box has a unique address that is found by counting across the columns and down the rows. A set of RAM boxes is called an array, and each box is known as a cell. To find a specific cell, the RAM controller sends the column and row address down a thin electrical line fetched into the chip. Each row and column in a RAM array has its own address line. Any data that's read flows back on a separate data line.

RAM is physically small and stored in microchips. It's also small in terms of the amount of data it can hold. A typical laptop computer may come with 8 gigabytes of RAM, while a hard disk can hold 10 terabytes. Most PCs enable users to add RAM modules up to a certain limit. Having more RAM in a computer cuts down on the number of times the processor must read data from the hard disk, an operation that takes longer than reading data from RAM. 

RAM access time is in nanoseconds, while storage memory access time is in milliseconds.

How much RAM do you need in your Computer System:-

The amount of RAM needed all depends on what the user is performing task in a computer system. When the user is performing video editing, image editing, gaming,  It's recommended that a 

system have at least 8 GB RAM, though more is desirable. 

have at least 3GB of RAM to run Photoshop CC on a Mac. However, if the user is working with other applications at the same time, even 8GB of RAM can slow things down.

Definition of ROM:-

It stands for Read Only Memory(ROM).It is also known as non-volatile memory or permanent storage. It does not lose the contents when the power is turned OFF.

ROM can have data and instructions written to it only one time. Once a ROM chip is programmed at the time of manufacturing it cannot be reprogrammed or rewrite. So, it has only read capability, not write.

ROM is a read-only memory, it cannot be changed; 

It is permanent and non-volatile memory, it also holds its content even when power is turned off. 

By contrast, random access memory (RAM) is volatile; it is lost when power is turned off.

The use of the similar term “non-volatile memory” is applicable here (more on that later.)

One could say that ROM is, in a sense, “stateful” in its enduring state, where RAM is “stateless.”

In a typical modern computer, there are numerous ROM chips located on the motherboard and a few on expansion boards. The chips are essential for the basic input/output system (BIOS), boot up, reading and writing to peripheral devices, basic data management and the software for basic processes for certain utilities.

Computer RAM

There are three categories of ROM as follows:-

1. Programmable ROM(PROM):-It is also non-volatile memory in nature. Once a PROM has been programmed, it's content can never be changed. It is one-time programmable device.

        These types of memories are found in Video game consoles, mobile 📱 phones, implantable                     medical  devices and high definition multimedia interfaces.

• Cache Memory:-It is a storage buffer that stores the data which is used most often temporarily and makes them available to CPU at a fast rate. Cache Memory is a very high-speed memory placed in between RAM and CPU. It increases the speed of processing.

          Cache Memory is very expensive ,so it is smaller in size. Generally Computers have cache                      memory of sizes 256toKB to 2MB.

There are two types of processors: 

developer setting android

How To Access Or Enable Developer Setting In Android Devices:-

10 Things you simply do in your Android Devices With the developer Settings in android:-

Every Android Devices comes with the Developer options and it’s hidden by default. 

Some developers turn it on right away while most do not know about the developer setting on android.

It is made for the developers to use the android device for debugging. 

Being an Android developer, I use quite a few useful settings. Developer option is essential and useful for developers.

USB debugging helps your Android device with your computer interface by using some commands. Your phone is paired up with the Android SDK(Software Development Kit) on your computer, now you can use your phone to install apps, know all about your device information, backup your phone or even root the device. You can use it very carefully.

Android Developer is a powerful function available in a smartphone. But to stay secure, you should only enable this option when you work with it, After finishing your work then turn it off when you no longer use it.